Endocarditis

Definition

Endocarditis is an infection of the inner lining of the heart chambers and valves. It is often caused by bacteria entering the bloodstream and attaching to damaged areas of the heart.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Endocarditis can be caused by Gram-positive bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus viridans.
2. Damaged or artificial heart valves are more susceptible to endocarditis.
3. Symptoms include fever, chills, heart murmurs, and petechiae (small red spots on the skin).
4. Diagnosis typically involves blood cultures and echocardiography.
5. Treatment requires prolonged antibiotic therapy and sometimes surgical intervention.

Review Questions

• What types of bacteria are commonly responsible for causing endocarditis?
• What are common symptoms associated with endocarditis?
• How is endocarditis typically diagnosed and treated?

Related terms

Bacteremia:

The presence of bacteria in the bloodstream.

Heart Murmur: An abnormal sound heard during a heartbeat, often indicating turbulent blood flow.

Echocardiography:

An imaging test that uses ultrasound waves to create pictures of the heart.