PAMPs

Definition

Pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) are molecular structures found on pathogens that are recognized by the innate immune system. These patterns trigger an immune response aimed at eliminating the pathogen.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. PAMPs are essential for the activation of innate immunity and include molecules such as lipopolysaccharides, peptidoglycan, and flagellin.
2. PAMPs are recognized by pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) on host cells, such as Toll-like receptors (TLRs).
3. The recognition of PAMPs leads to the production of cytokines and other inflammatory mediators.
4. PAMPs play a crucial role in the early detection of infections before adaptive immunity is activated.
5. PAMPs can be found on a wide variety of pathogens, including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites.

Review Questions

• What types of molecules are considered PAMPs?
• How do PAMPs activate the innate immune system?
• Which receptors on host cells recognize PAMPs?

Related terms

Pattern Recognition Receptors (PRRs): Receptors on host cells that detect PAMPs and initiate an immune response.

Cytokines: Signaling proteins released by cells that mediate and regulate immunity and inflammation.

Toll-like Receptors (TLRs): A type of PRR that recognizes PAMPs and activates immune cell responses.