Kinetoplasts

Definition

Kinetoplasts are unique, disk-shaped DNA-containing structures found within the single, large mitochondrion of certain protozoa, especially trypanosomes. They play a crucial role in mitochondrial function and energy production.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Kinetoplasts are primarily found in protozoan parasites such as Trypanosoma and Leishmania.
2. They contain a network of circular DNA molecules known as kDNA.
3. Kinetoplasts are essential for the survival and infectivity of these parasites.
4. Antimicrobial drugs targeting kinetoplast DNA can be effective against diseases like Chagas disease and African sleeping sickness.
5. Disruption of kinetoplast function can lead to parasite death due to impaired mitochondrial activity.

Review Questions

• What type of organisms contain kinetoplasts?
• Why is the kDNA within kinetoplasts important for protozoan parasites?
• How do antimicrobial drugs target kinetoplasts to treat parasitic infections?

Related terms

Trypanosoma: A genus of protozoan parasites that includes species responsible for diseases like Chagas disease and African sleeping sickness.

Leishmania: A genus of protozoan parasites that cause leishmaniasis, transmitted by sandfly bites.

kDNA: Circular DNA molecules found within the kinetoplast that are critical for mitochondrial function in some protozoa.