Immunoglobulins

Definition

Immunoglobulins are specialized glycoproteins produced by B cells that function as antibodies in the immune response. They play a critical role in identifying and neutralizing pathogens such as bacteria and viruses.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. There are five main classes of immunoglobulins: IgG, IgA, IgM, IgE, and IgD.
2. IgG is the most abundant immunoglobulin in the blood and is vital for long-term immunity.
3. IgM is the first antibody produced in response to an infection and plays a key role in primary immune responses.
4. IgA is found predominantly in mucosal areas like the gut, respiratory tract, and urogenital tract, providing localized protection.
5. IgE is associated with allergic reactions and defense against parasitic infections.

Review Questions

• What are the five main classes of immunoglobulins?
• Which immunoglobulin is primarily involved in long-term immunity?
• In which bodily areas would you commonly find IgA?

Related terms

B cells:

Type of white blood cells that produce antibodies.

Antigen:

A molecule or molecular structure that can be bound by an antigen-specific antibody or B cell receptor.

Adaptive Immunity:

The immune system's ability to recognize and specifically respond to diverse pathogens with tailored responses.