Hyperglycemia

Definition

Hyperglycemia is a condition characterized by elevated levels of glucose in the blood. It is commonly associated with diabetes and can be triggered by stress, illness, or autoimmune disorders.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Hyperglycemia can impair immune function, making the body more susceptible to infections.
2. Chronic hyperglycemia can lead to complications such as cardiovascular disease, neuropathy, and kidney damage.
3. Autoimmune disorders like Type 1 Diabetes result from the immune system attacking insulin-producing cells in the pancreas, leading to hyperglycemia.
4. Infections and inflammation can exacerbate hyperglycemia due to the release of stress hormones like cortisol.
5. Management of hyperglycemia often involves monitoring blood sugar levels, dietary adjustments, exercise, and medication.

Review Questions

• What are the primary causes of hyperglycemia in individuals with autoimmune disorders?
• How does chronic hyperglycemia affect the immune system's ability to fight infections?
• What are some common complications associated with prolonged periods of hyperglycemia?

Related terms

Autoimmune Disorder: A condition in which the immune system mistakenly attacks the body's own tissues.

Insulin Resistance: A condition where cells in the body become less responsive to insulin, leading to higher blood sugar levels.

Ketoacidosis: A serious complication of diabetes that occurs when the body produces high levels of ketones due to insufficient insulin.