DsRNA

Definition

dsRNA stands for double-stranded RNA, a molecule consisting of two complementary strands of RNA. It is often involved in the replication and lifecycle of certain viruses.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. dsRNA is commonly found in the genomes of some RNA viruses such as reoviruses.
2. The presence of dsRNA in a cell can trigger antiviral immune responses, including RNA interference (RNAi).
3. dsRNA is recognized by host cells as a sign of viral infection, leading to the production of interferons.
4. Many viruses have evolved mechanisms to avoid detection by host cells by hiding or modifying their dsRNA.
5. dsRNA can be used experimentally to silence gene expression through a process known as RNA interference.

Review Questions

• What type of genetic material does dsRNA consist of?
• How does the presence of dsRNA trigger an immune response in host cells?
• Why do some viruses hide or modify their dsRNA within host cells?

Related terms

Interferon: Proteins produced by host cells in response to pathogens that help regulate immune responses.

RNA Interference (RNAi): A biological process where RNA molecules inhibit gene expression by neutralizing targeted mRNA molecules.

Reovirus: A type of virus that has a genome composed of double-stranded RNA.