DNA vaccines

Definition

DNA vaccines are a type of vaccine that uses genetically engineered DNA to induce an immune response. They work by introducing a plasmid containing the DNA sequence encoding the antigen(s) against which an immune response is sought.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. DNA vaccines can be rapidly designed and manufactured compared to traditional vaccines.
2. They offer the advantage of being able to induce both humoral and cellular immunity.
3. DNA vaccines are generally stable at room temperature, reducing the need for cold chain logistics.
4. They have shown promise in preclinical trials for various infectious diseases and cancers.
5. The first DNA vaccine approved for human use was ZyCoV-D, developed for COVID-19.

Review Questions

• What are the primary components of a DNA vaccine?
• How do DNA vaccines differ from traditional vaccines in terms of stability?
• What types of immune responses can DNA vaccines elicit?

Related terms

Plasmid: A small circular piece of DNA that can replicate independently within bacterial cells.

Antigen: A substance that induces an immune response, particularly the production of antibodies.

Humoral Immunity: The aspect of immunity that is mediated by macromolecules found in extracellular fluids such as antibodies.