Urinary Tract Infection (UTI): An infection that can occur anywhere along the urinary tract, including the urethra, bladder, ureters, and kidneys.
Escherichia coli: A type of bacteria that normally lives in the intestines but can cause infections if it spreads to other parts of the body.
Pyelonephritis: A type of UTI that affects one or both kidneys and can be more serious than lower urinary tract infections like cystitis.