Chemical mediators

Definition

Chemical mediators are substances released by cells that regulate immune responses and inflammation. They play a crucial role in the body's defense against pathogens.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Chemical mediators include cytokines, histamines, and prostaglandins.
2. They can be produced by various cells including macrophages, mast cells, and endothelial cells.
3. Chemical mediators help recruit immune cells to infection sites and facilitate communication between immune cells.
4. They can be pro-inflammatory or anti-inflammatory, depending on their function.
5. An imbalance in chemical mediator production can lead to chronic inflammation or autoimmune diseases.

Review Questions

• Name three types of chemical mediators involved in immune responses.
• Which types of cells commonly produce chemical mediators?
• How do chemical mediators contribute to the body's defense mechanisms?

Related terms

Cytokines:

Proteins that modulate the immune response by promoting cell signaling.

Histamines: Compounds released by mast cells that cause vasodilation and increased vascular permeability during allergic reactions.

Prostaglandins:

Lipid compounds that have diverse hormone-like effects, including regulating inflammation and smooth muscle activity.