Blastomycosis

Definition

Blastomycosis is a fungal infection caused by the dimorphic fungus Blastomyces dermatitidis. It primarily affects the lungs but can disseminate to other body parts such as skin and bones.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Blastomycosis is endemic in regions of North America, particularly around the Ohio and Mississippi River valleys.
2. Symptoms of blastomycosis can range from mild respiratory issues to severe systemic infections.
3. Diagnosis involves culture, histopathology, and molecular methods like PCR to identify Blastomyces dermatitidis.
4. Itraconazole is the primary antifungal drug used for treatment, with amphotericin B reserved for severe cases.
5. The fungus exists in a yeast form at human body temperature and a mold form in the environment.

Review Questions

• What regions are considered endemic for blastomycosis?
• What are the primary symptoms of a blastomycosis infection?
• Which antifungal drugs are commonly used to treat blastomycosis?

Related terms

Histoplasmosis: A respiratory illness caused by inhaling spores of Histoplasma capsulatum.

Coccidioidomycosis: Also known as Valley Fever, it is an infection caused by inhaling spores of Coccidioides species.

Itraconazole: An antifungal medication commonly used to treat infections like blastomycosis, histoplasmosis, and aspergillosis.