Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)
Definition
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is a chronic, potentially life-threatening condition caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). It severely weakens the immune system, making the body susceptible to opportunistic infections and certain cancers.
5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test
- AIDS is the final stage of HIV infection when the immune system is badly damaged.
- Common opportunistic infections associated with AIDS include Pneumocystis pneumonia and Kaposi's sarcoma.
- The primary mode of HIV transmission is through unprotected sexual contact, but it can also spread via blood transfusions, shared needles, and from mother to child during birth or breastfeeding.
- Diagnosis of AIDS involves a CD4 cell count below 200 cells/mm³ or the presence of specific opportunistic infections or cancers.
- Antiretroviral therapy (ART) can manage HIV infection and prevent progression to AIDS.
Review Questions
- What are the main modes of HIV transmission?
- Name two common opportunistic infections associated with AIDS.
- What criteria are used to diagnose someone with AIDS?
"Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)" appears in:
Subjects (1)
Study guides (1)
Related terms
HIV: Human Immunodeficiency Virus, which attacks and destroys CD4 cells in the immune system.
Opportunistic Infection: Infections that occur more frequently and are more severe in individuals with weakened immune systems.
Antiretroviral Therapy (ART): Medications used to treat HIV infection by reducing viral load and strengthening the immune system.
