The α carbon is the central carbon atom in an amino acid to which the amino group, carboxyl group, and R group (side chain) are attached. It plays a crucial role in the structure and function of proteins.
5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test
The α carbon is chiral in all amino acids except glycine, leading to L- and D-isomers.
It is the backbone of protein secondary structures like α-helices and β-sheets.
The rotation around the bonds involving the α carbon affects protein folding and stability.
In peptide bonds, the α carbon connects adjacent amino acids via their carboxyl and amino groups.
The properties of the R group attached to the α carbon determine the characteristics and function of each amino acid.