Kramers-Kronig relations are mathematical formulas that connect the real and imaginary parts of a complex function, particularly in the context of electromagnetic waves and optical properties of materials. These relations are essential for understanding how scattering and absorption behave in materials, as they reveal that if the imaginary part of the complex refractive index is known, the real part can be derived, and vice versa. This interconnection is vital for analyzing optical activity and applying retrieval methods in experimental data.
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