Sevelamer

Definition

Sevelamer is a phosphate binder used primarily in patients with chronic kidney disease to help manage hyperphosphatemia, a condition characterized by elevated phosphate levels in the blood. By binding dietary phosphate in the gastrointestinal tract, sevelamer reduces its absorption and helps maintain electrolyte and fluid balance, which is critical for individuals with renal impairment.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Sevelamer not only lowers phosphate levels but also has been shown to have a beneficial effect on lipid profiles, potentially reducing cholesterol levels.
2. Unlike calcium-based phosphate binders, sevelamer does not contribute to increased calcium levels in the body, making it a safer option for patients at risk of hypercalcemia.
3. Sevelamer is available in two formulations: sevelamer hydrochloride and sevelamer carbonate, with the latter being better for maintaining bicarbonate levels.
4. Patients taking sevelamer must adhere to proper dosing schedules, as it is taken with meals to effectively bind dietary phosphate.
5. The use of sevelamer can help prevent complications associated with high phosphate levels, such as cardiovascular disease and bone disorders.

Review Questions

• How does sevelamer function in managing hyperphosphatemia in patients with chronic kidney disease?
  • Sevelamer works by binding phosphate in the gastrointestinal tract, preventing its absorption into the bloodstream. This mechanism helps lower elevated phosphate levels that can occur due to reduced kidney function. By effectively managing hyperphosphatemia, sevelamer plays a crucial role in maintaining overall electrolyte balance and reducing the risk of related complications.
• Compare sevelamer to calcium-based phosphate binders regarding their impact on calcium levels in patients with renal disease.
  • Sevelamer differs from calcium-based phosphate binders in that it does not increase serum calcium levels. While calcium-based binders can lead to hypercalcemia and associated complications, sevelamer provides an effective way to control phosphorus without risking elevated calcium levels. This makes sevelamer a preferred choice for patients who may already have issues with calcium balance or are at risk for vascular calcification.
• Evaluate the potential long-term benefits and risks of using sevelamer in renal nutrition therapy for chronic kidney disease patients.
  • The long-term use of sevelamer in renal nutrition therapy presents various benefits, including effective management of hyperphosphatemia and improved lipid profiles. However, potential risks include gastrointestinal side effects and the need for strict adherence to dosing schedules to ensure effectiveness. Additionally, patients must be monitored for any interactions with other medications or nutrients. Balancing these factors is essential for optimizing patient outcomes and minimizing adverse effects over time.

Related terms

hyperphosphatemia: A medical condition where there are elevated levels of phosphate in the blood, often seen in patients with chronic kidney disease.

dialysis: A medical procedure that artificially removes waste products and excess fluid from the blood, commonly used in patients with severe kidney dysfunction.

renal diet: A specialized diet designed for individuals with kidney disease that typically restricts certain nutrients, including protein, sodium, potassium, and phosphorus.