Amnesty International

Definition

Amnesty International is a non-governmental organization focused on promoting and protecting human rights globally. Established in 1961, the organization conducts research and advocacy to address issues such as freedom of expression, political imprisonment, and torture, emphasizing the universal nature of human rights as outlined in international treaties.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Amnesty International has over 10 million members and supporters in more than 150 countries, making it one of the largest human rights organizations in the world.
2. The organization’s work includes lobbying governments, mobilizing public opinion, and supporting individuals whose rights are violated.
3. Amnesty International publishes annual reports on the state of human rights worldwide, highlighting abuses and calling for accountability.
4. One of its key campaigns focuses on freedom of expression, advocating for the rights of individuals to speak out without fear of retribution.
5. Amnesty International was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1977 for its efforts in promoting human rights and advocating for justice.

Review Questions

• How does Amnesty International contribute to promoting freedom of expression around the world?
  • Amnesty International plays a significant role in promoting freedom of expression by conducting research on cases where individuals are persecuted for their speech. The organization raises awareness about these cases through public campaigns and advocacy, pressuring governments to uphold the right to free speech. By supporting imprisoned journalists, activists, and others who face threats for expressing their views, Amnesty International seeks to create a safer environment for free expression globally.
• What strategies does Amnesty International employ to advocate for human rights at an international level?
  • Amnesty International employs various strategies including conducting detailed investigations into human rights abuses, creating awareness through reports and media campaigns, and lobbying governmental bodies to enact policy changes. The organization also collaborates with other NGOs and civil society groups to amplify their efforts and mobilize global support. Through petitions, letter-writing campaigns, and coordinated actions, Amnesty works to hold violators accountable and advocate for systemic change.
• Evaluate the impact of Amnesty International's advocacy on international human rights law and policy.
  • Amnesty International has significantly influenced international human rights law and policy through persistent advocacy for the enforcement of human rights standards. Its detailed reports have exposed violations and prompted international bodies to take action against oppressive regimes. The organization's involvement in key treaties and conventions helps shape legal frameworks that protect human rights worldwide. By advocating for accountability and justice, Amnesty International has played a vital role in fostering a global culture that respects human dignity and upholds individual rights.

Related terms

Human Rights: Basic rights and freedoms that belong to every person in the world, from birth until death, which include the right to life, freedom of speech, and freedom from torture.

NGO (Non-Governmental Organization): A non-profit organization that operates independently of government influence, often working towards social or political goals.

Universal Declaration of Human Rights: A milestone document adopted by the United Nations in 1948, outlining fundamental human rights that are to be universally protected.