Mathematical Fluid Dynamics
Surface energy is the excess energy at the surface of a material compared to its bulk due to the imbalance of intermolecular forces. This phenomenon is crucial in understanding interfacial phenomena and surface tension, as it explains why liquids tend to minimize their surface area and adopt shapes that reduce energy, like droplets. Surface energy plays a significant role in various processes such as wetting, adhesion, and the behavior of liquids on solid surfaces.
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