DNA methylation is a biochemical process where a methyl group is added to the DNA molecule, typically at the cytosine base of a cytosine-guanine (CpG) dinucleotide. This process plays a crucial role in regulating gene expression, impacting processes like cellular differentiation and development, and serves as an important mechanism in epigenetics, influencing how genes are turned on or off without altering the underlying DNA sequence.
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