Independence

Definition

Independence refers to the state of being free from external control or influence, allowing individuals or groups to make their own decisions without interference. In the context of revolutionary thought, this concept plays a vital role in advocating for self-governance and the right to determine one's own destiny, particularly as seen in calls for political autonomy and freedom from oppressive rule.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Thomas Paine's 'Common Sense' argued that independence from British rule was essential for the American colonies to achieve true freedom and self-governance.
2. Paine highlighted the inherent rights of individuals to determine their political futures, emphasizing that independence was not just a political necessity but a moral imperative.
3. The pamphlet influenced public opinion significantly, motivating many colonists to support the cause of independence and push for revolution against British authority.
4. Paine presented compelling arguments against monarchy and hereditary succession, advocating for a government based on democratic principles that reflect the will of the people.
5. The publication of 'Common Sense' in 1776 helped crystallize the desire for independence, ultimately leading to the Declaration of Independence later that same year.

Review Questions

• How did Thomas Paine's arguments in 'Common Sense' contribute to the colonial movement towards independence?
  • In 'Common Sense', Thomas Paine made persuasive arguments that emphasized the need for the colonies to break away from British rule. He criticized monarchy and argued for self-governance, presenting independence as not just a necessity but a right. His clear and accessible writing inspired many colonists to reconsider their loyalty to Britain and fueled support for revolutionary action.
• Evaluate the impact of 'Common Sense' on the American public's perception of independence during the Revolutionary period.
  • The impact of 'Common Sense' on public perception was profound, as it presented a compelling case for independence that resonated with a broad audience. By articulating frustrations with British policies and governance, Paine galvanized support among those who were previously ambivalent. His pamphlet transformed the discussion around independence, turning it into a widely accepted goal rather than an extreme idea.
• Assess how Paine’s ideas on independence in 'Common Sense' reflect broader Enlightenment principles and their influence on revolutionary thought.
  • Paine’s ideas in 'Common Sense' are deeply rooted in Enlightenment principles, which emphasized reason, individual rights, and the social contract. His argument that government should derive its power from the consent of the governed aligns with Enlightenment thinkers who advocated for personal liberty and self-determination. This philosophical foundation not only legitimized the quest for independence but also inspired revolutionary movements worldwide by framing independence as an essential human right.

Related terms

Autonomy: The ability or right of a group or individual to govern themselves independently.

Sovereignty: The supreme authority within a territory, where a state possesses full control over its affairs without interference from outside sources.

Revolution: A significant change in political power or organizational structures that takes place in a relatively short period, often accompanied by mass movements aiming for independence.