American Revolution

Definition

The American Revolution was a colonial revolt that took place between 1765 and 1783, where the Thirteen American Colonies fought for independence from British rule. This period was marked by rising tensions over taxation, governance, and individual rights, leading to the formation of a new nation based on democratic principles and republican ideals.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The American Revolution was sparked by a series of British taxes and laws, including the Stamp Act and the Townshend Acts, which fueled resentment among colonists.
2. Thomas Paine's pamphlet 'Common Sense' played a crucial role in persuading colonists to support independence by articulating arguments against monarchy and for self-governance.
3. Key battles such as Lexington and Concord, Bunker Hill, and Yorktown were pivotal in the success of the revolution, showcasing both colonial determination and military strategy.
4. The Revolution led to significant changes in social dynamics, including increased calls for rights for women and enslaved people, laying groundwork for future movements.
5. The Treaty of Paris in 1783 formally ended the war, recognizing American independence and establishing borders for the new nation.

Review Questions

• How did economic policies imposed by Britain contribute to the growing desire for independence among the American colonies?
  • Economic policies like the Stamp Act and Townshend Acts were seen as unfair taxes imposed without representation. These taxes burdened everyday colonists and sparked protests, uniting them against British rule. As resentment grew, calls for independence began to emerge, culminating in revolutionary fervor as colonists sought to reclaim control over their economic futures.
• Evaluate the impact of Thomas Paine's 'Common Sense' on public opinion regarding independence from Britain.
  • 'Common Sense' significantly shifted public opinion by articulating clear arguments against monarchy and promoting self-governance. Paine’s persuasive writing made complex ideas accessible to ordinary colonists, helping them understand the necessity of independence. His pamphlet galvanized support for revolution, encouraging many who were previously indifferent to actively join the cause for freedom.
• Assess how the outcomes of the American Revolution influenced future democratic movements both in America and abroad.
  • The American Revolution laid the groundwork for democratic ideals by establishing principles like liberty, equality, and individual rights. Its success inspired revolutionary movements around the world, such as in France and Latin America, where oppressed peoples sought similar freedoms. The formation of a republic in America showcased that self-governance was achievable, prompting global discussions about democracy and human rights.

Related terms

Declaration of Independence: A historic document adopted on July 4, 1776, that proclaimed the colonies' separation from Britain and outlined the fundamental rights of individuals and the principles of government.

Continental Congress: A series of assemblies that acted as the governing body of the colonies during the Revolution, organizing resistance against British policies and ultimately declaring independence.

Patriots:

Colonists who supported the Revolution and fought for independence from British rule, often opposing Loyalists who remained loyal to the crown.