Restoration Period

Definition

The Restoration Period refers to the era in English history from 1660 to 1688, marked by the return of Charles II to the throne after the English Civil War and the Interregnum. This time was characterized by significant cultural revival, political change, and the reestablishment of monarchy, which had profound effects on literature, art, and societal norms, laying the groundwork for modern Britain.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The Restoration Period marked the end of the Puritan Commonwealth and saw a return to traditional monarchy with Charles II's reign.
2. This era brought about a flourishing of the arts, including theater, poetry, and literature, with notable figures like John Milton and Andrew Marvell making significant contributions.
3. The period also saw increased public engagement with theater as it became more accessible, leading to the reopening of playhouses that had been closed during the Puritan rule.
4. Themes of individualism, humanism, and exploration of human nature became prominent in literature during this time, reflecting the societal changes occurring in England.
5. The Restoration Period was followed by the Glorious Revolution of 1688, which further solidified parliamentary power over monarchy and influenced future political developments.

Review Questions

• How did the Restoration Period influence the literary works of Andrew Marvell?
  • During the Restoration Period, Andrew Marvell's poetry was heavily influenced by the social and political upheaval surrounding him. His works often reflect themes of loyalty to the monarchy while also critiquing political corruption. The revival of theater and poetry allowed Marvell to experiment with different styles and forms, creating a unique blend that showcased his mastery of language and his engagement with contemporary issues.
• In what ways did Restoration Comedy reflect the cultural changes of the Restoration Period?
  • Restoration Comedy served as a mirror to the cultural changes occurring during the Restoration Period by emphasizing themes of wit, social class, and sexual politics. Playwrights used humor and satire to critique societal norms and behaviors, reflecting a newfound freedom in expressing thoughts about love and marriage. The reopening of theaters allowed these plays to gain popularity among diverse audiences, further shaping public discourse on morality and relationships.
• Evaluate how the Restoration Period set the stage for subsequent political developments in England, especially concerning monarchy and parliamentary power.
  • The Restoration Period was crucial in establishing a new balance between monarchy and parliamentary power following years of civil war and conflict. The reinstatement of Charles II symbolized a return to traditional governance but also prompted growing debates about royal authority versus parliamentary sovereignty. This tension laid the groundwork for future political transformations during events like the Glorious Revolution, ultimately leading to a constitutional monarchy where Parliament gained greater influence over governance.

Related terms

Cavalier Poets: A group of 17th-century English poets who were supporters of King Charles I and known for their lyrical style and themes of love and loyalty.

Restoration Comedy: A genre of comedy that emerged during the Restoration, characterized by its witty dialogue, sexual explicitness, and a focus on social manners and class.

Act of Settlement: A law passed in 1701 that established succession rules for the English throne, ensuring that only Protestant descendants of James VI and I could inherit.