Restoration Literature

Definition

Restoration Literature refers to the body of English literary work produced during the Restoration period (1660-1688), marked by the return of Charles II to the throne. This era saw a resurgence of drama, poetry, and prose, heavily influenced by the previous interregnum's censorship and the cultural shifts towards individualism and secularism. It is characterized by a blend of classical forms, satirical wit, and explorations of human behavior and societal norms.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Restoration Literature is significant for its focus on themes of individualism, morality, and the complexities of social life after a long period of puritanical rule.
2. Aphra Behn, one of the first professional female writers in English literature, is a prominent figure of this era known for her bold exploration of gender and power dynamics in works like 'Oroonoko'.
3. The period is marked by the revival of theatrical performances, leading to the emergence of professional actresses on stage for the first time in England.
4. Restoration poets often drew inspiration from classical models, showcasing intricate forms such as heroic couplets while infusing their works with contemporary issues.
5. The Restoration period saw increased interest in scientific inquiry and philosophy, which influenced literary themes and the representation of knowledge and reason in literature.

Review Questions

• How did Restoration Literature reflect the social changes occurring in England during the late 17th century?
  • Restoration Literature mirrored the social changes in England by emphasizing themes of individualism and the exploration of human behavior against the backdrop of a society emerging from strict Puritan rule. Writers began to critique social norms and expectations through satire and comedy, reflecting a growing interest in personal freedom and expression. The return of Charles II brought about a more liberal atmosphere that allowed for these themes to flourish in both drama and poetry.
• Discuss how Aphra Behn's 'Oroonoko' contributes to our understanding of gender roles during the Restoration period.
  • 'Oroonoko' serves as a crucial text in understanding gender roles during the Restoration period by presenting complex female characters who challenge traditional notions of femininity. Behn herself was one of the few women writers gaining recognition, and her work often subverts expectations placed upon women. The portrayal of Imoinda as a strong character who navigates her own desires within a patriarchal society provides insights into women's struggles for agency and autonomy at this time.
• Evaluate the impact of Restoration Literature on subsequent literary movements and its lasting legacy in English literature.
  • 'Restoration Literature laid the groundwork for future literary movements by introducing elements such as realism, character complexity, and social commentary that would influence Romanticism and Modernism. The emphasis on individual experience and moral questioning paved the way for writers who followed. Moreover, Restoration comedy's wit and satirical techniques continue to resonate in contemporary literature and drama, demonstrating its enduring relevance in shaping English literary tradition.'

Related terms

Restoration Comedy: A genre of comedic plays that emerged during the Restoration, known for its witty dialogue, sexual innuendos, and satirical portrayal of contemporary society.

Theatre Royal: The premier theater in London that became the center for performing Restoration plays, showcasing the works of playwrights like Aphra Behn and William Congreve.

Satire: A literary technique used in Restoration Literature to criticize and mock social norms, politics, and human behavior through humor and irony.