The Rape of the Lock

Definition

The Rape of the Lock is a satirical poem by Alexander Pope that was first published in 1712 and later expanded in 1714. It humorously addresses the trivialities of upper-class society by depicting a mock-epic conflict arising from the cutting of a lady's lock of hair. The poem serves as a commentary on social norms, values, and the absurdity of high society in the early 18th century.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The Rape of the Lock is based on a real-life incident involving Arabella Fermor and Lord Petre, who cut a lock of her hair, causing a scandal between their families.
2. Pope's poem employs classical references and divine intervention, treating the mundane act of hair-cutting with epic seriousness.
3. The poem is divided into five cantos and uses a variety of poetic devices, including allegory and personification, to enhance its themes.
4. The term 'rape' in the title refers to the violation of personal space and dignity rather than a sexual assault, highlighting the poem's satirical nature.
5. Pope’s work played a significant role in defining neoclassical literature, emphasizing reason, order, and restraint in contrast to the emotional excesses of romanticism.

Review Questions

• How does The Rape of the Lock exemplify the features of mock-epic poetry?
  • The Rape of the Lock is a prime example of mock-epic poetry as it takes a trivial incident—the cutting of a lock of hair—and treats it with grandiosity typical of epic narratives. Pope uses elevated language and classical conventions to exaggerate the significance of this social faux pas, employing grand themes like honor and revenge. This contrast between the serious style and trivial subject matter creates a humorous effect that critiques societal norms.
• Discuss how Pope's use of heroic couplets enhances the themes presented in The Rape of the Lock.
  • Pope's use of heroic couplets throughout The Rape of the Lock reinforces its structure and rhythm while adding to its satirical tone. The couplets create a sense of harmony and order that contrasts sharply with the chaotic social interactions depicted in the poem. This form allows for witty repartee and clever wordplay, enhancing the comedic effect while simultaneously critiquing the absurdities of high society.
• Evaluate the impact of The Rape of the Lock on the development of neoclassical literature and its critique of early 18th-century social norms.
  • The Rape of the Lock significantly impacted neoclassical literature by establishing a model for satire that emphasized wit, reason, and social commentary. Pope's sharp critique of early 18th-century social norms highlights the absurdities and frivolities of aristocratic life. By elevating such trivial matters to epic proportions, he encourages readers to reflect on deeper issues within society. This work not only reflects neoclassical ideals but also paves the way for future literary explorations into class and societal values.

Related terms

Mock-Epic: A form of satire that imitates the style and conventions of epic poetry, using elevated language to treat trivial subjects.

Heroic Couplet: A pair of rhymed lines in iambic pentameter, frequently used in English poetry and particularly favored by Alexander Pope.

Satire: A literary technique that uses humor, irony, exaggeration, or ridicule to criticize or mock individuals, societal norms, or institutions.