Restoration Comedy

Definition

Restoration Comedy refers to a genre of English comedic plays written and performed during the Restoration period, which began in 1660 when Charles II was restored to the throne. This genre is characterized by its focus on witty dialogue, sexual politics, and a satirical view of contemporary society, reflecting the political and social changes of the time, as well as major literary movements that emerged during this era. Restoration Comedy often showcased the clash between traditional values and new social norms, encapsulating the vibrant cultural scene following the end of Puritan rule.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Restoration Comedy emerged after the long period of Puritan rule, which had suppressed theatrical performances and led to a revival of interest in drama and performance.
2. Notable playwrights associated with Restoration Comedy include George Etherege, William Wycherley, and Sir George Buckhurst, who introduced new themes and styles into English theater.
3. The genre often featured bold female characters who challenged societal norms regarding gender and sexuality, reflecting a shift in attitudes during the Restoration period.
4. Restoration Comedies frequently employed intricate plots involving mistaken identities, seduction, and social maneuvering, all designed to entertain while critiquing contemporary society.
5. The influence of French comedy during this time brought about a new appreciation for wit and elegance in dialogue, which became a hallmark of Restoration plays.

Review Questions

• How did Restoration Comedy reflect the political and social changes occurring during the late 17th century?
  • Restoration Comedy mirrored the political and social upheaval following the end of Puritan rule by exploring themes of sexual politics, social status, and personal freedom. The return of Charles II heralded a more liberal atmosphere that allowed for the open discussion of previously taboo subjects. These comedies often highlighted the conflicts between old-fashioned values and emerging modern attitudes, thus showcasing a society in transition.
• In what ways did Restoration Comedy serve as a critique of contemporary societal norms?
  • Restoration Comedy used satire to critique the societal norms of its time by presenting characters who embodied both vice and virtue in exaggerated forms. The witty dialogue and complex plots revealed the hypocrisy in social behaviors, especially concerning marriage, fidelity, and morality. By using humor to dissect these themes, these comedies encouraged audiences to reflect on their own societal roles and expectations.
• Evaluate the lasting impact of Restoration Comedy on later forms of comedy and drama in literature.
  • Restoration Comedy had a profound impact on later literary forms by establishing conventions that influenced playwrights through the 18th century and beyond. Its focus on character-driven plots and sophisticated dialogue paved the way for modern comedic forms such as romantic comedies and farces. Additionally, its exploration of complex social issues resonated with subsequent generations of writers, encouraging them to address themes related to gender roles, class dynamics, and moral ambiguity in their works.

Related terms

Charles II:

The King of England whose restoration in 1660 marked the beginning of the Restoration period, bringing a revival of arts and culture.

Commedia dell'arte: An Italian theatrical form that influenced Restoration Comedy, characterized by improvised performances and stock characters.

Satire: A literary technique that uses humor, irony, and exaggeration to criticize or mock societal norms and human behavior, prevalent in Restoration Comedy.