Dialectical materialism is a philosophical approach to understanding the world that emphasizes the role of material conditions in shaping social reality and human consciousness. It combines Hegelian dialectics, which focuses on the contradictions and changes within phenomena, with a materialist perspective that sees the physical and economic conditions of life as primary in determining human behavior and societal development. This framework is essential for analyzing the relationship between the base (economic structure) and superstructure (cultural and political institutions) in society.
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