Christopher Marlowe

Definition

Christopher Marlowe was an English playwright and poet from the late 16th century, often regarded as a precursor to William Shakespeare. His works are notable for their exploration of themes like power, ambition, and homoerotic desire, which challenge societal norms of his time and reflect a complex understanding of human relationships.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Marlowe's most famous works include 'Doctor Faustus,' 'Tamburlaine,' and 'The Jew of Malta,' each showcasing his innovative use of language and themes.
2. His life was shrouded in mystery and controversy, including rumors about his sexuality and his violent death at a young age, which remain subjects of speculation.
3. Marlowe's exploration of homoerotic desire is evident in his poetry, especially in 'Hero and Leander,' where he presents male love in a manner that defies conventional norms.
4. His influence on later playwrights is significant; Marlowe's use of complex characters and ambitious themes set the stage for the development of modern drama.
5. Despite his short life, Marlowe's work laid crucial groundwork for the Elizabethan stage, shaping the trajectory of English literature and drama that followed.

Review Questions

• How did Christopher Marlowe's use of blank verse impact the development of English drama?
  • Marlowe's adoption of blank verse allowed him to craft dialogues that closely mirrored natural speech patterns while maintaining a poetic quality. This innovation contributed to the emotional intensity and rhythm of his plays, making them more engaging for audiences. His mastery of this form influenced subsequent playwrights, including Shakespeare, who expanded upon Marlowe's techniques to enhance their own dramatic works.
• In what ways does homoerotic desire manifest in Marlowe's writings, and how does it reflect the cultural context of his time?
  • Marlowe's exploration of homoerotic desire is particularly evident in his poetry and some dramatic characters. Works like 'Hero and Leander' delve into themes of male attraction with a boldness that challenges contemporary attitudes towards sexuality. This portrayal not only reflects Marlowe's personal experiences but also highlights the tension between societal norms and individual desire during the Elizabethan era.
• Evaluate how Christopher Marlowe's life experiences may have influenced his literary output, particularly regarding themes of ambition and desire.
  • Marlowe's tumultuous life—marked by speculation about his sexuality, involvement in espionage, and an early death—likely fueled his fascination with themes such as ambition and desire. His characters often grapple with inner conflicts that mirror his own struggles against societal expectations. The blending of personal experience with literary creation results in works that are not only rich in thematic depth but also resonate with universal human experiences surrounding power and longing.

Related terms

Blank Verse: Unrhymed iambic pentameter, a poetic form that Marlowe famously used, allowing for a natural flow of speech while maintaining a rhythmic structure.

Theatrical Renaissance: A period of renewed interest in drama and theater in England during the late 16th century, marked by the emergence of influential playwrights like Marlowe and Shakespeare.

Homoeroticism: The expression of romantic or sexual attraction between members of the same sex, a theme present in Marlowe's works that reflects the complexities of desire and identity.