Self-efficacy

Definition

Self-efficacy is the belief in one’s own ability to succeed in specific situations or accomplish a task. This concept plays a crucial role in how people approach goals, tasks, and challenges, as individuals with high self-efficacy are more likely to take on challenging tasks and persist in the face of difficulties, while those with low self-efficacy may avoid challenges and doubt their capabilities.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Self-efficacy influences how people approach difficult tasks; those with high self-efficacy are more likely to embrace challenges and view setbacks as opportunities for learning.
2. Albert Bandura, a psychologist, introduced the concept of self-efficacy, emphasizing its role in behavior change and personal development.
3. Individuals can enhance their self-efficacy through mastery experiences, social modeling, verbal persuasion, and managing physiological states.
4. Higher self-efficacy is associated with better performance outcomes in various fields, including education and workplace settings.
5. Self-efficacy is not a global trait but varies depending on the specific task or situation individuals are facing.

Review Questions

• How does self-efficacy influence an individual's approach to challenges and goals?
  • Self-efficacy significantly influences how individuals tackle challenges. Those with high self-efficacy are more likely to take on difficult tasks and remain persistent even when faced with obstacles. In contrast, individuals with low self-efficacy may shy away from challenges due to fear of failure or doubt in their abilities. This belief in oneself shapes not just performance but also the willingness to pursue new opportunities.
• Discuss the ways in which self-efficacy can be developed or enhanced over time.
  • Self-efficacy can be developed through various methods. Mastery experiences, where individuals successfully complete a task, boost confidence. Observing others succeed (social modeling) can also inspire belief in one’s abilities. Additionally, verbal encouragement from peers or mentors can strengthen self-efficacy. Managing stress and physiological responses can further enhance one's belief in their capabilities.
• Evaluate the impact of self-efficacy on performance outcomes in educational or professional settings.
  • Self-efficacy has a profound impact on performance outcomes in both educational and professional contexts. High self-efficacy is linked to greater motivation, resilience, and higher achievement levels. For example, students who believe they can succeed are more likely to engage deeply with their studies and perform well on assessments. Similarly, employees with strong self-efficacy are often more innovative and willing to tackle complex projects, leading to better job performance and career advancement.

Related terms

Self-esteem: Self-esteem refers to an individual’s overall subjective evaluation of their worth, which can influence their confidence and motivation.

Motivation: Motivation is the process that initiates, guides, and maintains goal-oriented behaviors, playing a key role in enhancing self-efficacy.

Growth mindset: A growth mindset is the belief that abilities and intelligence can be developed through dedication and hard work, which is closely tied to fostering self-efficacy.