Selective laser trabeculoplasty

Definition

Selective laser trabeculoplasty (SLT) is a medical procedure that uses low-energy laser light to target specific cells within the trabecular meshwork of the eye, helping to reduce intraocular pressure in patients with glaucoma. By selectively stimulating these cells, SLT encourages improved drainage of aqueous humor, which is crucial for managing glaucoma and preserving vision. This technique is an important advancement in laser ophthalmology, as it offers a less invasive option compared to traditional surgical methods.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. SLT is considered a safe and effective treatment option for patients who have open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension.
2. The procedure typically takes only a few minutes and is performed in an outpatient setting, with minimal discomfort reported by patients.
3. One of the significant benefits of SLT is that it can be repeated if necessary, unlike some other forms of laser treatment.
4. SLT has a lower risk of complications compared to traditional filtering surgery, making it an appealing first-line treatment for glaucoma.
5. The effects of SLT may not be immediate; it can take several weeks for patients to experience a noticeable reduction in intraocular pressure.

Review Questions

• How does selective laser trabeculoplasty differ from traditional surgical approaches in treating glaucoma?
  • Selective laser trabeculoplasty differs from traditional surgical methods primarily in its minimally invasive nature. SLT specifically targets cells in the trabecular meshwork using low-energy laser light to improve aqueous humor drainage without the need for incisions. In contrast, traditional surgeries often involve more invasive techniques that may require longer recovery times and carry higher risks of complications. As a result, SLT is often preferred as a first-line treatment option for managing glaucoma.
• What are the key physiological mechanisms by which selective laser trabeculoplasty reduces intraocular pressure?
  • Selective laser trabeculoplasty reduces intraocular pressure by selectively targeting and stimulating cells within the trabecular meshwork. This stimulation leads to structural changes that enhance the outflow of aqueous humor from the eye. The process involves increasing the permeability of the meshwork and promoting the regeneration of cell structures that facilitate drainage. These changes effectively lower intraocular pressure, providing an important therapeutic benefit for patients with glaucoma.
• Evaluate the potential long-term outcomes and implications of using selective laser trabeculoplasty as a primary treatment strategy for glaucoma management.
  • Using selective laser trabeculoplasty as a primary treatment strategy for glaucoma management has significant long-term implications. As an effective method to lower intraocular pressure with minimal risks, SLT can preserve vision and improve quality of life for patients. Its repeatability allows clinicians to manage fluctuating pressures over time without resorting to more invasive procedures. However, ongoing monitoring is essential since not all patients may achieve adequate control with SLT alone, necessitating combination therapy with medications or other treatments in some cases.

Related terms

Glaucoma: A group of eye conditions that damage the optic nerve, often due to increased intraocular pressure, leading to vision loss.

Trabecular meshwork: A spongy tissue located at the drainage angle of the anterior chamber of the eye that facilitates the outflow of aqueous humor.

Aqueous humor: The clear fluid produced in the eye that maintains intraocular pressure and provides nutrients to avascular structures like the lens and cornea.