Intro to the Theory of Sets
A function is a specific relation between two sets that associates each element from the first set, known as the domain, to exactly one element in the second set, known as the codomain. This concept is crucial because it establishes a systematic way to link inputs to outputs, enabling predictions and calculations based on these relationships. Functions can be represented using ordered pairs, where each pair consists of an input from the domain and its corresponding output from the codomain.
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