Temple of Roma and Augustus

Definition

The Temple of Roma and Augustus was a significant religious structure built in the 1st century CE in the city of Pergamon, dedicated to the imperial cult of Rome and the worship of Emperor Augustus. This temple symbolizes the fusion of Roman political power with local traditions, representing the spread of Roman influence in the Eastern provinces, particularly in Asia Minor and beyond.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The Temple of Roma and Augustus was constructed around 20 BCE and is considered one of the earliest examples of imperial temples in Asia Minor.
2. The temple featured a grand architectural style that combined Greek elements with Roman features, reflecting the cultural integration occurring in the Eastern provinces.
3. This temple served as a center for worshiping both Roma, the personification of Rome, and Augustus, reinforcing his status as a divine ruler.
4. The site played a crucial role in promoting loyalty to Rome among local populations through the cult of Emperor Augustus.
5. The temple remains an important archaeological site that highlights the impact of Roman rule on local traditions and identities in the region.

Review Questions

• How does the Temple of Roma and Augustus illustrate the relationship between Roman political power and local cultures in Asia Minor?
  • The Temple of Roma and Augustus exemplifies the relationship between Roman political power and local cultures by showcasing how Rome integrated its imperial cult into existing local practices. Built in Pergamon, it combined Roman architectural styles with traditional Hellenistic influences, which allowed local populations to embrace Roman authority while retaining their cultural identity. This fusion helped reinforce loyalty to Rome while promoting Romanization throughout the region.
• Discuss the significance of the imperial cult as represented by the Temple of Roma and Augustus within the broader context of Roman governance in Asia Minor.
  • The imperial cult represented by the Temple of Roma and Augustus played a vital role in legitimizing Roman authority in Asia Minor. By establishing a formalized worship structure for Augustus and Rome, it created a sense of shared identity between Roman officials and local populations. This practice not only reinforced loyalty but also facilitated smoother governance by integrating religious elements into the political landscape, ensuring cooperation from diverse communities across the province.
• Evaluate how the construction of temples like Roma and Augustus influenced social dynamics within Pergamon and similar cities under Roman control.
  • Temples like Roma and Augustus significantly influenced social dynamics by serving as focal points for community gatherings and religious activities that emphasized allegiance to Rome. They fostered a new sense of civic identity tied to the empire, often leading local elites to align themselves with Roman interests for political gain. Additionally, these temples facilitated cultural exchanges that reshaped local customs, encouraging deeper integration into Roman societal norms while still allowing for the retention of unique regional characteristics.

Related terms

Imperial Cult: A religious practice in ancient Rome where emperors were worshipped as gods, establishing a connection between the state and divine authority.

Pergamon: An ancient Greek city located in modern-day Turkey, known for its rich cultural heritage and as a center of Hellenistic culture.

Romanization: The process through which non-Roman communities adopted Roman culture, language, and practices, significantly impacting social and political structures in the provinces.