Naos

Definition

The naos is the inner chamber of a Greek temple, typically housing the statue of the deity to whom the temple is dedicated. This sacred space served as the focal point of worship and rituals, reflecting the architectural style and religious practices of ancient Greece. The design and decoration of the naos were crucial in enhancing the spiritual experience of worshippers.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The naos is often rectangular in shape and may feature a high ceiling to create a sense of grandeur and majesty.
2. In many temples, the naos was separated from the rest of the temple by a wall or screen, emphasizing its sacredness.
3. The statue within the naos was usually a representation of a god or goddess and was often elaborately decorated with precious materials.
4. Architectural features like columns and pediments contributed to both the structural integrity and aesthetic appeal of the naos, influencing its visibility and importance within the temple.
5. The design of the naos evolved over time, reflecting changes in religious practices, artistic styles, and architectural advancements throughout ancient Greek history.

Review Questions

• How does the design of the naos contribute to its function as a sacred space within Greek temples?
  • The design of the naos is critical to its function as a sacred space because it is often characterized by height, light, and elaborate decoration, all aimed at creating a sense of divine presence. The inner chamber's dimensions and decorative elements draw worshippers' attention to the statue of the deity, enhancing their spiritual experience. Additionally, its separation from other areas of the temple reinforces its role as a private space for religious rituals and offerings.
• Compare and contrast the naos with other architectural elements found in Greek temples, such as the peristyle and altar.
  • The naos serves as the inner sanctum where the deity's statue resides, contrasting with other architectural elements like the peristyle, which is an external row of columns that provides support and aesthetic appeal to the temple's façade. The altar, located outside or adjacent to the naos, is designed for offerings and rituals, highlighting a different aspect of worship. Together, these elements create a harmonious relationship between interior sanctity and external public space in Greek temples.
• Evaluate how changes in artistic styles influenced the evolution of the naos throughout different periods in ancient Greece.
  • Changes in artistic styles significantly influenced the evolution of the naos, reflecting broader cultural shifts within ancient Greece. For instance, during the Archaic period, naoi were often simpler and more austere, while later periods, such as the Classical era, saw more elaborate designs with intricate sculptures and detailed decorations that emphasized realism and beauty. The Hellenistic period further transformed naoi into even more grandiose spaces that showcased dramatic art. This evolution illustrates not only advancements in architecture but also changing religious expressions and societal values over time.

Related terms

cellae: The plural form of 'cella,' referring to the inner chamber or chambers of a temple where cult images were displayed.

peristyle: A row of columns surrounding a building or courtyard, providing an important structural and aesthetic feature that frames the naos in Greek temples.

altar: A structure upon which offerings are made to the gods, usually located in front of or adjacent to the naos.