Goryeo Period

Definition

The Goryeo Period, lasting from 918 to 1392, was a significant era in Korean history marked by the establishment of a centralized state, flourishing cultural advancements, and the emergence of distinct Korean identity. This period is crucial for understanding the origins and development of Pansori, a traditional form of Korean narrative music, as well as the lasting impact of premodern literature on modern and contemporary Korean culture.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The Goryeo Period is known for the creation of the world's first movable metal type printing system around the 13th century, advancing literacy and literature.
2. Buddhism flourished during this era, leading to significant cultural and artistic achievements, such as the construction of temples and sculptures.
3. The establishment of a civil service examination system during the Goryeo Period helped cultivate a meritocratic bureaucracy.
4. Goryeo's relationship with neighboring countries, particularly China and Japan, influenced trade and cultural exchange during this time.
5. The period ended with the rise of the Joseon Dynasty, which adopted Confucianism as its guiding ideology and further shaped Korean culture.

Review Questions

• How did the Goryeo Period contribute to the origins of Pansori as a form of artistic expression?
  • The Goryeo Period provided a fertile ground for cultural expression and creativity, leading to the early forms of Pansori. As storytelling became popular through oral traditions during this time, musicians began to incorporate narrative elements into their performances. The development of this unique musical genre reflects the cultural richness of the Goryeo Period, combining poetry and music to convey emotions and tales from everyday life.
• Discuss how the political structure established during the Goryeo Period impacted later developments in Korean literature.
  • The centralized political structure of the Goryeo Period fostered a sense of national identity that influenced literary production. The establishment of a civil service examination system encouraged educated individuals to engage in writing, leading to an increase in literary works that reflected societal values and aspirations. This environment laid the groundwork for future literary traditions in Korea by promoting literacy and creating a class of scholar-officials who valued literature as part of governance.
• Evaluate the significance of cultural advancements during the Goryeo Period on contemporary Korean society.
  • Cultural advancements during the Goryeo Period have had a profound and lasting impact on contemporary Korean society. Innovations such as movable metal type printing paved the way for increased literacy rates and access to literature. Additionally, the rich artistic traditions established during this period continue to influence modern Korean culture, evident in music, literature, and visual arts. The period's emphasis on education and governance also laid foundations for societal values that are still relevant today, highlighting how historical developments shape present-day identities.

Related terms

Goryeo Dynasty: The ruling dynasty during the Goryeo Period, which played a key role in shaping Korea's political, social, and cultural landscape.

Pansori: A genre of traditional Korean music characterized by its storytelling and expressive vocal techniques, which developed during the Goryeo Period.

Korean Confucianism: The adaptation of Confucian principles in Korea during the Goryeo Period, which influenced societal values, education, and governance.