Compound interval

Definition

A compound interval is an interval that spans more than an octave, meaning it consists of a distance larger than 8 scale degrees. These intervals can be understood as extensions of simple intervals, which are the distances within one octave. Knowing about compound intervals is important because they help musicians understand harmonic relationships and the expansion of melodies across larger ranges.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Compound intervals can be labeled similarly to simple intervals, but with an added 'compound' designation (e.g., compound fifth).
2. They are formed by adding an octave to a simple interval, which allows for a broader harmonic context.
3. Compound intervals can also affect the overall sound and texture of a piece of music by creating a sense of space and depth.
4. When analyzing melodies, recognizing compound intervals helps in understanding how motifs may expand beyond the typical range.
5. Inversion of a simple interval can result in a compound interval; for instance, inverting a major sixth creates a minor third if raised an octave.

Review Questions

• How does understanding compound intervals enhance your ability to analyze melodies?
  • Understanding compound intervals allows musicians to see how melodies can extend beyond one octave, which is essential for analyzing the structure and development of musical ideas. When musicians recognize compound intervals within a melody, they can better interpret how motifs are expanded or transformed. This insight aids in grasping the overall flow and emotional impact of the music.
• In what ways do compound intervals differ from simple intervals in terms of musical composition?
  • Compound intervals differ from simple intervals primarily in their range; while simple intervals span within an octave, compound intervals exceed this range. This distinction allows composers to explore greater harmonic complexity and create richer textures. By utilizing compound intervals, composers can expand their melodic lines and harmonic progressions, leading to more intricate musical expressions.
• Evaluate the significance of interval inversion in relation to compound intervals and harmonic structure.
  • Interval inversion plays a crucial role in understanding both compound and simple intervals, as it transforms their qualities and sizes. When an interval is inverted, its bottom note is raised an octave, potentially creating a compound interval if the original was simple. This process affects harmonic structure by offering new perspectives on chord voicings and relationships between notes, enabling composers and performers to explore different musical landscapes.

Related terms

Simple interval: A simple interval is an interval that spans from one note to another within the same octave, consisting of 8 or fewer scale degrees.

Diatonic intervals: Diatonic intervals are intervals formed using the notes of a particular scale without altering any notes with sharps or flats.

Interval inversion: Interval inversion occurs when the bottom note of an interval is raised an octave, causing the interval to change in quality and size, often resulting in a compound interval if it exceeds an octave.