Maison carrée

Definition

The maison carrée is a well-preserved Roman temple located in Nîmes, France, dating back to the early 1st century AD. It exemplifies the classic architectural style of the Roman Empire, showcasing features like Corinthian columns and a portico that reflects the grandeur of imperial architecture. This structure not only served as a temple but also as a symbol of Roman power and religious devotion during the time of Augustus.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The maison carrée was originally built as a temple to the sons of Agrippa, a close friend of Emperor Augustus, reflecting the political connection to the imperial family.
2. It is renowned for its excellent state of preservation, making it one of the best examples of Roman temple architecture in existence today.
3. The design incorporates a raised platform known as a stylobate, which is a common feature in Greek and Roman temples that elevates the structure.
4. The temple has influenced various neoclassical buildings around the world, showcasing its lasting impact on architectural styles beyond ancient Rome.
5. Its location in Nîmes indicates the spread of Roman culture into provincial areas, serving as a testament to the reach and influence of Roman civilization.

Review Questions

• How does the maison carrée reflect the characteristics of Roman imperial architecture?
  • The maison carrée showcases key characteristics of Roman imperial architecture through its use of Corinthian columns, a grand portico, and symmetrical design. The temple's elegant proportions and intricate details exemplify the grandeur and sophistication that were hallmarks of the Roman architectural style during the early empire. Additionally, its function as a temple dedicated to important figures connected to Augustus highlights the role of architecture in expressing political power and religious significance within Roman society.
• In what ways did Augustus influence building projects like the maison carrée during his reign?
  • Augustus significantly influenced building projects such as the maison carrée by promoting monumental architecture as a means to legitimize his rule and enhance Roman identity. His reign marked a period of extensive construction that emphasized grandeur and order, with temples and public buildings designed to reflect his political ideals. By commissioning structures like the maison carrée, Augustus aimed to connect himself with divine authority while also showcasing Rome's cultural achievements throughout its provinces.
• Evaluate the significance of the maison carrée in understanding Roman culture and its architectural legacy.
  • The maison carrée is significant for understanding Roman culture as it embodies both religious devotion and political power within the context of imperial Rome. Its architectural features reflect the technical advancements and aesthetic preferences of the era, while its enduring preservation allows modern viewers to appreciate ancient Roman craftsmanship. The influence of the maison carrée on later neoclassical architecture illustrates how Roman ideals continued to shape architectural styles long after the fall of the empire, highlighting its lasting legacy in Western culture.

Related terms

Corinthian Order: An architectural style characterized by ornate columns with acanthus leaves and scrolls, commonly used in monumental buildings in ancient Rome.

Augustus: The first emperor of Rome, who ruled from 27 BC until AD 14 and was responsible for significant building projects that showcased Roman power and culture.

Temples: Structures dedicated to the worship of deities, often featuring elaborate designs and significant cultural importance in ancient civilizations.