Corbelled vaulting

Definition

Corbelled vaulting is a construction technique where stones or bricks are stacked in a staggered manner to create an arch-like structure, often used to support ceilings or roofs. This method was significant in ancient architecture, particularly in the Mycenaean culture, as it allowed for the creation of large, open interior spaces in citadels and monumental tombs, showcasing engineering ingenuity.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Corbelled vaulting was primarily used in the construction of tombs, such as the famous Treasury of Atreus, where it enabled the creation of large dome-like ceilings.
2. This technique allowed Mycenaean architects to design structures that could withstand the weight of heavy stone without needing extensive support systems.
3. Unlike true arches, which rely on keystones for stability, corbelled vaulting relies on the friction and weight of the stones themselves to maintain its structure.
4. Corbelled vaulting often created a dramatic visual effect, drawing attention to the height and grandeur of the spaces within citadels and tombs.
5. The use of corbelled vaulting demonstrates the advanced understanding of geometry and engineering possessed by Mycenaean builders, paving the way for later architectural developments.

Review Questions

• How did corbelled vaulting influence the design and structure of Mycenaean tombs?
  • Corbelled vaulting significantly influenced the design of Mycenaean tombs by allowing architects to create large interior spaces without relying on columns or extensive supports. This technique enabled the construction of impressive dome-like ceilings, such as those found in tholoi, which provided both structural integrity and a sense of grandeur. The ability to build such expansive interiors showcased the engineering skills of Mycenaean builders and reflected their cultural emphasis on monumental burial practices.
• Discuss the differences between corbelled vaulting and true arch construction in ancient architecture.
  • Corbelled vaulting differs from true arch construction mainly in how they distribute weight. True arches rely on a keystone at the top to evenly distribute weight across an arched shape, while corbelled vaulting uses layers of stones stacked in a way that each layer slightly overhangs the one below it. This results in a more straightforward construction process but can be less stable than a true arch under certain conditions. The choice between these techniques reflected different architectural needs and resources available to builders.
• Evaluate the impact of corbelled vaulting on Mycenaean culture and its architectural legacy in later civilizations.
  • Corbelled vaulting had a profound impact on Mycenaean culture by facilitating the construction of monumental structures that symbolized power and prestige, evident in their impressive palaces and tombs. This technique not only showcased advanced engineering skills but also influenced later civilizations by laying the groundwork for architectural innovations. As future societies adopted and adapted these methods, corbelled vaulting contributed to various architectural styles across cultures, ultimately leading to new forms of expression in building design.

Related terms

Tholos: A type of ancient circular tomb with a corbelled dome, characteristic of Mycenaean architecture.

Cyclopean masonry: A method of stone construction using massive irregular blocks without mortar, typically associated with Mycenaean fortifications.

Lintel: A horizontal structural element that spans an opening, often used in combination with corbelled structures to support weight above doorways or windows.