Kautilya, also known as Chanakya, was an ancient Indian philosopher, economist, and political strategist who is best known for his work 'Arthashastra'. This text lays out principles of governance, statecraft, and military strategy, emphasizing the importance of realpolitik and pragmatic approaches in politics. Kautilya's ideas significantly influenced social and political thought in Indian philosophy, highlighting the necessity of power and intelligence in leadership.
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