key term - Kilauea

Definition

Kilauea is one of the most active volcanoes in the world, located on the Big Island of Hawaii. It is a shield volcano characterized by its broad, gently sloping sides and frequent eruptions that primarily produce basaltic lava flows. Kilauea plays a crucial role in understanding volcanic landforms and products due to its continuous activity, which shapes the landscape and creates new geological features.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Kilauea has been erupting continuously since 1983, making it one of the longest ongoing volcanic eruptions in history.
2. The summit caldera of Kilauea contains a lava lake, which is a significant feature that attracts researchers and visitors alike.
3. In 2018, Kilauea experienced a major eruption that resulted in dramatic changes to the landscape, including the creation of new land as lava flowed into the ocean.
4. Kilauea is monitored closely by volcanologists due to its potential for explosive eruptions and the hazards it poses to nearby communities.
5. The volcano is part of Hawaii Volcanoes National Park, which protects its unique ecosystems and geological features while providing educational opportunities for visitors.

Review Questions

• How does Kilauea's eruption style contribute to its classification as a shield volcano?
  • Kilauea's eruption style is characterized by the outpouring of low-viscosity basalt lava, which flows easily across the landscape. This type of eruption leads to the formation of broad, gently sloping sides typical of shield volcanoes. The frequent eruptions at Kilauea allow it to build up over time, reinforcing its classification as a shield volcano due to its distinctive shape and lava flow patterns.
• Discuss the environmental impact of Kilauea's eruptions on the surrounding area, particularly during significant events like the 2018 eruption.
  • The eruptions of Kilauea have substantial environmental impacts on its surroundings, particularly during significant events such as the 2018 eruption. This eruption altered the landscape dramatically by creating new land as lava flowed into the ocean, resulting in changes to local ecosystems. Additionally, volcanic gases released during eruptions can affect air quality and health for nearby communities, highlighting the need for effective monitoring and response strategies.
• Evaluate how ongoing research on Kilauea contributes to our understanding of volcanic processes and hazards globally.
  • Ongoing research on Kilauea significantly enhances our understanding of volcanic processes and hazards worldwide. By studying its frequent eruptions, scientists gain insights into magma movement, eruption triggers, and lava flow dynamics. The data collected helps improve predictive models for other volcanoes, contributing to better risk assessment and management strategies. This knowledge is crucial for mitigating hazards associated with volcanic activity in various regions around the globe.

Related terms

Shield Volcano:

A type of volcano with broad, gentle slopes formed by the eruption of low-viscosity basalt lava.

Lava Flow: The movement of molten rock (lava) from a volcano, which can create new landforms as it cools and solidifies.

Caldera:

A large depression formed when a volcano erupts and collapses after emptying its magma chamber.