Sonnet

Definition

A sonnet is a 14-line poem that traditionally follows a specific rhyme scheme and meter, often focusing on themes of love, nature, or philosophical contemplation. This poetic form is known for its structure, which allows for a powerful expression of emotions or ideas through concise language. Different types of sonnets, such as the Shakespearean and Petrarchan, showcase variations in rhyme schemes and thematic development, making them significant within the realm of poetry.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The two main types of sonnets are the Shakespearean (or English) sonnet, which consists of three quatrains followed by a couplet, and the Petrarchan (or Italian) sonnet, which features an octave and a sestet.
2. The typical rhyme scheme for a Shakespearean sonnet is ABABCDCDEFEFGG, while the Petrarchan sonnet usually follows an ABBAABBACDCDCD format.
3. Sonnets often utilize iambic pentameter, giving them a rhythmic quality that enhances their lyrical nature.
4. Many famous poets, including William Shakespeare, John Milton, and Elizabeth Barrett Browning, have employed the sonnet form to convey complex emotions and ideas.
5. Sonnets can also incorporate thematic shifts known as 'voltas', where there is a turn in the argument or emotional direction of the poem.

Review Questions

• Compare and contrast the different types of sonnets regarding their structure and themes.
  • Shakespearean and Petrarchan sonnets are both popular forms that showcase distinct structures. A Shakespearean sonnet consists of three quatrains followed by a couplet, allowing for a progression of thought or theme before culminating in a resolution. In contrast, a Petrarchan sonnet is divided into an octave that presents a problem or theme and a sestet that offers a resolution or reflection. While both forms explore deep emotions and complex themes, their structural differences lead to varying ways of presenting and resolving ideas.
• Discuss how rhyme schemes in sonnets contribute to their overall impact and memorability.
  • The specific rhyme schemes in sonnets create musicality and rhythm that enhance their emotional resonance. For instance, the alternating rhyme pattern in a Shakespearean sonnet encourages a sense of dialogue and movement throughout the poem. This structured approach not only makes the poem more memorable but also allows poets to manipulate sounds and create impactful imagery that resonates with readers. The deliberate choice of rhyme contributes to the overall meaning and experience of the poem.
• Evaluate the importance of the volta in sonnets and its effect on readers' understanding of the poem's themes.
  • The volta serves as a crucial turning point in sonnets that can dramatically alter the reader's understanding of its themes. By introducing a shift in perspective or emotion, the volta enhances the depth of the poem, prompting readers to reconsider initial interpretations. This element encourages engagement as readers follow the development of ideas from problem to resolution. The effectiveness of this transition ultimately enriches the poem’s narrative arc and reinforces its central message.

Related terms

iambic pentameter:

A metrical pattern commonly used in English poetry, consisting of five iambs (unstressed-stressed syllables) per line.

rhyme scheme:

The pattern of rhymes at the end of each line in a poem, typically represented using letters to indicate which lines rhyme with each other.

quatrain:

A stanza or verse consisting of four lines, often used in various forms of poetry including sonnets.