Romulus and Remus

Definition

Romulus and Remus are the legendary twin brothers who are central figures in the foundation myth of Rome. According to the myth, they were born to the vestal virgin Rhea Silvia and the god Mars, and were abandoned at birth, only to be rescued and raised by a she-wolf. Their story represents the themes of conflict, ambition, and the divine right to rule, illustrating the origins of Rome's founding in both myth and historical context.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Romulus is credited with founding Rome in 753 BCE after he killed his brother Remus during a dispute over where to build the city.
2. The story of Romulus and Remus is significant as it illustrates themes of rivalry, power struggle, and destiny that are central to Roman culture.
3. The twins were said to have been raised by a she-wolf and later taken in by a shepherd named Faustulus, who symbolizes the common man's connection to Rome's divine origins.
4. Romulus became the first king of Rome and established many of its foundational institutions, including its military and political structures.
5. The legend of Romulus and Remus has been retold in various forms throughout history, emphasizing their importance as symbols of Rome's strength and resilience.

Review Questions

• What do Romulus and Remus symbolize in Roman culture, and how does their story reflect important values of early Roman society?
  • Romulus and Remus symbolize the themes of rivalry, ambition, and divine favor that were integral to Roman identity. Their story reflects the values of courage, strength, and leadership that Romans admired. The conflict between the brothers also illustrates the idea that greatness often comes with struggle and sacrifice, reinforcing the belief that Rome was destined for greatness.
• Analyze the significance of divine intervention in the myth of Romulus and Remus and its impact on Roman political ideology.
  • Divine intervention plays a crucial role in the myth of Romulus and Remus, as their origins involve both a vestal virgin and the god Mars. This connection to divinity legitimizes their rule and underscores the idea that Rome was favored by the gods. Such beliefs helped shape Roman political ideology by asserting that leaders had a divine mandate to govern, creating a sense of unity among citizens based on shared mythological roots.
• Evaluate how the myth of Romulus and Remus has influenced modern perceptions of Rome's origins, especially in terms of cultural identity and national pride.
  • The myth of Romulus and Remus continues to influence modern perceptions of Rome's origins by highlighting themes of strength, resilience, and divine destiny. These elements have contributed to a cultural identity that venerates Rome as a city born from conflict but destined for greatness. The story serves as a source of national pride in Italy today, reminding citizens of their historical legacy while also inspiring narratives about unity and ambition within contemporary society.

Related terms

Vestal Virgins: Priestly women in ancient Rome who were dedicated to the goddess Vesta and were tasked with maintaining the sacred fire, symbolizing the security and continuity of the Roman state.

The She-Wolf: The mythical creature that nursed Romulus and Remus after they were abandoned, symbolizing nurturing and protection in Roman mythology.

Rome's Foundation Myth: The narrative that explains the origins of Rome, often involving divine intervention and heroic figures, crucial for understanding Roman identity and culture.