The One-Child Policy was a population control measure implemented by the Chinese government in 1979 to limit most families to a single offspring. Its goals were to alleviate social, economic, and environmental problems by controlling the country's population growth.
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Population Control: Measures implemented by governments or institutions to control the size and growth rate of human populations.
Demographic Transition: The transition from high birth and death rates to lower birth and death rates as a country develops from a pre-industrial to an industrialized economic system.
Family Planning: The practice of controlling the number of children in a family and the intervals between their births, particularly by means of contraception or voluntary sterilization