Colonial period

Definition

The colonial period refers to the time in history when European powers established colonies in Africa and other regions, resulting in the domination and exploitation of local cultures and resources. This era saw significant cultural exchanges, but it also led to the suppression of indigenous art forms and traditions as colonial powers imposed their own values and aesthetics.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The colonial period in Africa began in the late 19th century, following the Berlin Conference of 1884-85, where European powers divided the continent among themselves.
2. During this time, many African art forms were either disregarded or modified to fit European tastes, leading to a loss of traditional practices and authenticity.
3. Museums in Europe began to collect African art as exotic artifacts, often detached from their original cultural contexts and significance.
4. Colonial powers employed various methods to suppress local cultures, including missionary activities that aimed to convert indigenous populations and promote Western values.
5. The legacy of the colonial period continues to influence contemporary African art, as artists navigate the complexities of identity, heritage, and globalization.

Review Questions

• How did the colonial period impact traditional African art forms?
  • The colonial period had a profound impact on traditional African art forms by promoting European aesthetics and undermining indigenous practices. Many local artists were forced to adapt their work to meet colonial expectations or abandon their traditions altogether. This led to a significant loss of cultural heritage and authenticity as Western values overshadowed local expressions.
• In what ways did European museums contribute to the perception of African art during the colonial period?
  • European museums played a crucial role in shaping the perception of African art during the colonial period by collecting and exhibiting African artifacts as exotic objects. This often occurred without proper context or understanding of their cultural significance. As a result, African art was frequently viewed through a colonial lens that emphasized its difference from Western art rather than its intrinsic value and meaning within its own culture.
• Evaluate the long-term effects of the colonial period on contemporary African artists and their works.
  • The long-term effects of the colonial period on contemporary African artists are multifaceted. Many artists grapple with the legacies of colonialism, including issues of identity, representation, and cultural appropriation. As they create their works, they often engage with historical narratives while also asserting their cultural heritage. This tension leads to a rich dialogue within their art that challenges stereotypes and reclaims narratives previously shaped by colonial perspectives.

Related terms

Colonialism:

A practice where a country establishes control over a foreign territory, often leading to the exploitation of resources and the imposition of cultural values.

Postcolonialism: A field of study that examines the effects and aftermath of colonialism on cultures, societies, and identities.

Cultural Appropriation:

The adoption of elements of one culture by members of another culture, often without permission or understanding, typically occurring in contexts of power imbalance.