Intro to Chemistry

study guides for every class

that actually explain what's on your next test

Alkali metals

from class:

Intro to Chemistry

Definition

Alkali metals are a group of elements in Group 1 of the periodic table, known for their high reactivity and tendency to form +1 ions. These metals include lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, cesium, and francium.

congrats on reading the definition of alkali metals. now let's actually learn it.

ok, let's learn stuff

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

  1. Alkali metals have a single electron in their outermost shell.
  2. They are highly reactive, especially with water, forming hydroxides and releasing hydrogen gas.
  3. Alkali metals are soft and can be cut with a knife; they also have low melting points compared to most other metals.
  4. These elements readily form ionic compounds by losing their one valence electron to achieve a stable noble gas configuration.
  5. They exhibit characteristic colors when burned: lithium produces a red flame, sodium yields a yellow flame, and potassium creates a lilac flame.

Review Questions

  • What is the common charge of ions formed by alkali metals?
  • Why do alkali metals react vigorously with water?
  • Which alkali metal would you expect to have the lowest melting point?
© 2024 Fiveable Inc. All rights reserved.
AP® and SAT® are trademarks registered by the College Board, which is not affiliated with, and does not endorse this website.
Glossary
Guides