In probability, a fair event or process has no bias and all outcomes have an equal chance of occurring. For example, a fair coin has an equal probability of landing heads or tails.
Probability: A measure quantifying the likelihood that events will occur, ranging from 0 to 1.
Random Sampling: A technique where each sample in the population has an equal chance of being chosen.
Unbiased: An attribute indicating that no systematic errors or favoritism exist in data collection or analysis.