Adaptive optics

Definition

Adaptive optics is a technology used in telescopes to improve the resolution by compensating for distortions caused by Earth's atmosphere. It involves real-time correction of incoming light waves using deformable mirrors controlled by computer algorithms.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Adaptive optics can significantly enhance the clarity and detail of images captured by ground-based telescopes.
2. This technology uses sensors to detect atmospheric distortions and actuators to adjust the shape of mirrors accordingly.
3. It's crucial for observing celestial objects that require high resolution, such as distant galaxies and exoplanets.
4. The concept was initially developed for military use before being adapted for astronomical purposes.
5. Laser guide stars are often employed in adaptive optics systems to provide a reference point for measuring atmospheric distortions.

Review Questions

• How does adaptive optics improve the resolution of telescopic images?
• What role do deformable mirrors play in adaptive optics?
• Why are laser guide stars important in adaptive optics systems?

Related terms

Deformable Mirror:

A mirror whose surface can be adjusted in real time to correct optical aberrations.

Laser Guide Star: An artificial star created by shining a laser into the atmosphere, used as a reference point for adaptive optics.

Atmospheric Distortion: The blurring and twinkling effects seen in astronomical observations due to turbulence in Earth's atmosphere.