Goal 6: Clean Water and Sanitation

Definition

Goal 6 is one of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) established by the United Nations, focusing on ensuring availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all. It aims to achieve universal access to safe and affordable drinking water, improve water quality by reducing pollution, and implement integrated water resources management at all levels. This goal is crucial for health, environmental sustainability, and the overall well-being of communities worldwide.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Nearly 2 billion people globally lack access to safely managed drinking water services, which is a significant barrier to health and development.
2. Water-related diseases cause approximately 3.4 million deaths each year, primarily affecting children under five years old, highlighting the urgent need for improved sanitation and clean water access.
3. The SDG target aims to ensure that all women and girls have equal access to safe and affordable drinking water by 2030, addressing gender disparities in water access.
4. Improving water quality is essential, with goals set to reduce pollution, minimize the release of hazardous chemicals, and substantially increase water recycling and safe reuse.
5. Goal 6 emphasizes the importance of community participation in water management strategies, promoting local governance as a means of achieving sustainable access to clean water.

Review Questions

• How does Goal 6 address the interconnected challenges of water scarcity and sanitation in developing countries?
  • Goal 6 tackles water scarcity by promoting efficient use of water resources while also emphasizing the importance of proper sanitation. In developing countries, where access to clean water is often limited, addressing sanitation is crucial as poor hygiene can lead to serious health issues. By implementing measures that ensure both clean drinking water and adequate sanitation facilities, Goal 6 aims to create healthier communities that can thrive economically and socially.
• What role does Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) play in achieving the objectives of Goal 6?
  • Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) is key to achieving Goal 6 as it promotes a holistic approach to managing water resources sustainably. IWRM helps balance competing demands for water from agriculture, industry, and domestic use while also protecting ecosystems. By integrating various sectors and stakeholders in decision-making processes, IWRM supports the sustainable development of water resources essential for meeting the targets outlined in Goal 6.
• Evaluate the impact of achieving Goal 6 on broader sustainable development efforts and global health outcomes.
  • Achieving Goal 6 has far-reaching implications for global sustainable development and health outcomes. Access to clean water and proper sanitation directly contributes to improved public health by reducing waterborne diseases, which disproportionately affect vulnerable populations. Moreover, it enhances educational opportunities for girls who often miss school due to lack of sanitation facilities. By addressing these fundamental needs, Goal 6 supports progress across multiple SDGs, fostering resilience in communities and paving the way for economic growth and social equity.

Related terms

Water Scarcity: A situation where the demand for water exceeds the available supply, often leading to conflicts and challenges in water management.

Sanitation: The provision of facilities and services for the safe disposal of human waste, which is essential for maintaining health and preventing disease.

Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM): A process that promotes the coordinated development and management of water, land, and related resources to maximize economic and social welfare without compromising sustainability.