Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP)

Definition

Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is a preventive strategy that involves the use of antiretroviral medications by HIV-negative individuals to reduce the risk of contracting HIV. This approach is particularly crucial in managing HIV/AIDS, as it provides a proactive measure to safeguard high-risk populations and complements other prevention methods such as condom use and regular testing.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. PrEP is highly effective when taken consistently, reducing the risk of acquiring HIV by up to 99% among those at high risk.
2. To be eligible for PrEP, individuals must be HIV-negative and undergo regular testing every three months to monitor their HIV status and kidney function.
3. PrEP is most beneficial for populations with a higher risk of HIV exposure, including men who have sex with men, people with multiple sexual partners, and those in serodiscordant relationships.
4. PrEP is available in several forms, including daily oral pills and a long-acting injectable form, providing options for users based on their preferences.
5. Access to PrEP has been expanded through public health initiatives, emphasizing its importance in the overall strategy to combat the HIV/AIDS epidemic.

Review Questions

• How does pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) work as part of a broader strategy to prevent HIV transmission?
  • Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) functions by using antiretroviral medications to create an environment in the body that is less conducive to HIV infection. It acts as a preventive measure alongside other strategies such as condom use and regular HIV testing. When taken consistently by high-risk individuals, PrEP significantly decreases the chances of contracting HIV, thus playing a crucial role in comprehensive prevention efforts.
• Evaluate the impact of regular monitoring on the effectiveness and safety of PrEP use among individuals at high risk for HIV.
  • Regular monitoring is essential for ensuring both the effectiveness and safety of PrEP use. Individuals on PrEP must undergo testing every three months to confirm they remain HIV-negative and to assess kidney function. This continuous oversight helps identify any potential side effects early on and ensures that PrEP is being used appropriately, maximizing its protective benefits against HIV while minimizing health risks.
• Discuss the implications of increased access to PrEP on public health strategies aimed at reducing the incidence of HIV/AIDS.
  • Increased access to PrEP has significant implications for public health strategies targeting HIV/AIDS reduction. By making PrEP more available, especially to high-risk populations, public health initiatives can effectively decrease new infections. This proactive approach not only complements existing prevention methods but also fosters a more inclusive healthcare model that emphasizes individual responsibility and empowerment in managing personal health risks related to HIV transmission.

Related terms

Antiretroviral Therapy (ART): A treatment regimen for people living with HIV that uses a combination of HIV medicines to control the virus and improve health.

HIV Testing: A medical procedure that determines if an individual is infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), essential for early detection and prevention.

Risk Reduction: Strategies and practices aimed at lowering the chances of contracting HIV or transmitting it to others.