Secondary socialization

Definition

Secondary socialization is the process by which individuals, typically children and adolescents, learn and adopt the values, norms, and behaviors necessary to function in various social contexts outside of their primary family unit. This stage of socialization takes place in settings such as schools, peer groups, and media, allowing individuals to develop new social identities and integrate into society more broadly.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Secondary socialization occurs after primary socialization and often takes place during childhood and adolescence.
2. Key agents of secondary socialization include schools, peer groups, religious institutions, and media.
3. Through secondary socialization, individuals learn to navigate complex social environments and adopt behaviors appropriate to different settings.
4. This process helps individuals to develop their social identities, which can change based on their experiences and interactions in various contexts.
5. Failure to successfully engage in secondary socialization can lead to difficulties in forming relationships or functioning effectively within society.

Review Questions

• How does secondary socialization differ from primary socialization in terms of its agents and outcomes?
  • Secondary socialization differs from primary socialization primarily in its agents and the environments involved. While primary socialization occurs mainly within the family unit, secondary socialization involves schools, peer groups, media, and other institutions. The outcomes also vary; secondary socialization helps individuals acquire diverse social roles and navigate different contexts outside their family, contributing to a broader understanding of societal norms and expectations.
• What role do peer groups play in the process of secondary socialization and how can they influence individual behavior?
  • Peer groups play a crucial role in secondary socialization by providing a space for individuals to explore their identities and learn from each other outside the influence of their families. These groups can significantly shape behavior through shared experiences, norms, and values that often differ from those learned at home. As individuals seek acceptance and belonging within their peer groups, they may adopt new attitudes or behaviors that align with those of their friends, impacting their overall development.
• Evaluate the impact of media as an agent of secondary socialization on contemporary society.
  • The impact of media as an agent of secondary socialization in contemporary society is profound, influencing beliefs, behaviors, and cultural norms across diverse populations. Media provides access to a wide array of perspectives and lifestyles that individuals might not encounter in their immediate environment. This exposure can shape social identities by normalizing certain behaviors or ideals while also creating challenges such as unrealistic expectations or pressures. Therefore, understanding the role of media is essential for recognizing how it contributes to both positive and negative aspects of individual development within a complex social landscape.

Related terms

Primary socialization: The initial phase of socialization where individuals learn basic norms and values primarily within the family setting.

Agents of socialization: The individuals, groups, or institutions that influence personal attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors during the socialization process.

Social identity: The sense of self that is derived from one's group memberships and the roles one plays within various social contexts.