Restoration Comedy

Definition

Restoration comedy refers to a genre of English comedy that emerged in the late 17th century, characterized by its witty dialogue, satirical portrayal of social norms, and focus on the lives and loves of the upper class. This type of comedy flourished after the reopening of theatres in 1660 following the Puritan ban on public performances, significantly influenced by the return of Charles II to England, who was an avid supporter of the arts and encouraged theatrical expression.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Restoration comedies often featured strong female characters who defied traditional gender roles, reflecting the more liberated social climate of post-Cromwellian England.
2. Writers such as William Congreve and George Etherege were prominent figures in the development of Restoration comedy, using humor to critique societal norms and hypocrisy.
3. The inclusion of farce and slapstick elements became common in Restoration comedies, appealing to audiences with both intellectual humor and physical comedy.
4. Theatre architecture also evolved during this time, with new venues being built that catered to larger audiences and improved sightlines for spectators.
5. The themes of love, seduction, and social ambition were prevalent in these comedies, mirroring the changing attitudes toward romance and relationships in 17th-century England.

Review Questions

• How did the reopening of theatres in 1660 contribute to the development of Restoration comedy?
  • The reopening of theatres marked a significant cultural shift after years of Puritanical restrictions on public performances. With Charles II's return from exile, there was a renewed interest in theatrical arts that directly influenced Restoration comedy. Playwrights took advantage of this freedom to explore themes like love, power, and social dynamics among the upper classes, leading to a flourishing of witty dialogue and satirical narratives.
• In what ways did Restoration comedies reflect the social changes occurring in England during the reign of Charles II?
  • Restoration comedies mirrored the social changes of the time by showcasing characters that challenged traditional norms related to gender and class. The era's loosening moral attitudes allowed playwrights to create complex female characters who navigated love and power dynamics actively. This shift was indicative of broader societal transformations as people began to embrace more liberal ideas regarding personal freedoms and relationships.
• Evaluate the impact of notable playwrights like William Congreve on the genre of Restoration comedy and its legacy in modern theatre.
  • William Congreve's work significantly shaped Restoration comedy through his sharp wit and intricate plots that cleverly critiqued social manners. His plays emphasized character development and satirical commentary on human nature, setting a standard for comedic writing that influences modern theatre. Congreve's ability to blend humor with poignant observations about society not only entertained audiences but also laid the groundwork for contemporary comedic styles that continue to resonate today.

Related terms

Charles II:

The King of England, Scotland, and Ireland from 1660 until his death in 1685, known for restoring the monarchy and supporting the arts, particularly theatre.

Comedy of Manners: A subgenre of Restoration comedy that focuses on the behavior, values, and intrigues of the upper classes, often emphasizing wit and clever dialogue.

Heroic Tragedy: A dramatic form that was popular during the Restoration period, often characterized by grand themes and noble characters, serving as a contrast to the lighter Restoration comedies.