Silhak scholars

Definition

Silhak scholars were intellectuals during the late Joseon Dynasty who emphasized practical learning and sought to apply knowledge to improve society and governance. They believed that Confucianism should be reformed and adapted to address contemporary issues, particularly in light of Korea's interactions with foreign powers during the period of opening to the West.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Silhak scholars emerged in the late 17th century and became more prominent in the 18th and 19th centuries as Korea faced increasing pressures from Western influence.
2. These scholars critiqued the rigid Confucianism of their time and advocated for reforms that would make governance more effective and responsive to the needs of the people.
3. Silhak scholars promoted studies in agriculture, economics, and geography, emphasizing practical skills and knowledge that could benefit society.
4. Their ideas contributed to a broader intellectual awakening in Korea, influencing later movements that sought modernization in response to foreign encroachments.
5. Some notable silhak scholars include Jeong Yak-yong and Park Ji-won, who made significant contributions to various fields while advocating for practical approaches to governance.

Review Questions

• How did silhak scholars challenge traditional Confucian ideals during their time?
  • Silhak scholars challenged traditional Confucian ideals by criticizing the rigid adherence to classical texts and advocating for a more pragmatic approach to governance and society. They believed that Confucianism should be reformed to address contemporary issues facing Korea, particularly those arising from increased contact with foreign powers. This shift aimed to create a more effective government that was responsive to the people's needs rather than strictly following outdated principles.
• Discuss the impact of silhak scholarship on Korean intellectual thought and its relevance in the context of Korea's opening to the West.
  • Silhak scholarship had a profound impact on Korean intellectual thought as it promoted the idea that knowledge should be applied practically to solve societal issues. This emphasis on practical learning became increasingly relevant as Korea opened up to the West, encountering new ideas, technologies, and challenges. The silhak movement encouraged reformist thought that helped shape responses to foreign influence, paving the way for later modernization efforts in Korea.
• Evaluate how the principles of silhak scholars influenced later reform movements in Korea during periods of external pressure.
  • The principles of silhak scholars significantly influenced later reform movements by laying the groundwork for a critical approach towards traditional systems. Their focus on practical learning provided a framework for addressing social issues, which became essential during times of external pressure such as during Japanese colonial rule and subsequent modernization efforts. The ideas promoted by silhak scholars inspired later generations to seek reforms that aimed at strengthening national identity and autonomy while adapting to global changes, illustrating their lasting legacy in Korean history.

Related terms

Practical Learning: A movement that focused on applying knowledge and theories to real-world problems, often associated with silhak scholars who advocated for practical solutions to social and political issues.

Confucianism: A philosophical and ethical system based on the teachings of Confucius, which greatly influenced Korean society, politics, and education during the Joseon Dynasty.

Joseon Dynasty: A Korean dynastic kingdom that lasted for approximately five centuries, known for its Confucian ideals, cultural advancements, and ultimately its challenges during interactions with Western powers.