Fallingwater

Definition

Fallingwater is a renowned house designed by architect Frank Lloyd Wright in 1935, celebrated for its integration with nature and innovative use of materials. The design exemplifies the principles of organic architecture, showcasing a harmonious relationship between the structure and its surrounding landscape, making it a key reference point in discussions about passive solar design and Wright's architectural philosophy.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Fallingwater was commissioned by Edgar Kaufmann, a prominent Pittsburgh businessman, as a weekend retreat for his family.
2. The house is built over a waterfall in the Laurel Highlands of Pennsylvania, which enhances its connection to nature.
3. Wright used local stone and concrete to blend the house into its natural surroundings, emphasizing his belief in organic architecture.
4. Large cantilevered terraces allow the living space to extend outward, creating dramatic views of the forest and waterfall below.
5. Fallingwater has been designated a National Historic Landmark and is often cited as one of the greatest architectural triumphs of the 20th century.

Review Questions

• How does Fallingwater demonstrate the principles of organic architecture?
  • Fallingwater exemplifies organic architecture through its design that harmonizes with the natural landscape. Frank Lloyd Wright used local materials like stone and concrete, integrating the structure with its environment rather than imposing upon it. The house's cantilevered terraces not only provide stunning views but also enhance the connection between indoor and outdoor spaces, allowing inhabitants to experience nature intimately.
• In what ways does the use of cantilevers in Fallingwater contribute to its architectural significance?
  • The use of cantilevers in Fallingwater is crucial to its architectural significance as it allows the structure to extend outwards dramatically over the waterfall. This innovative design not only showcases Wright's mastery of structural engineering but also enhances the aesthetic experience by creating a sense of floating above nature. The cantilevers give the house an iconic silhouette and challenge traditional building methods, marking it as a groundbreaking example of modern architecture.
• Evaluate the impact of Fallingwater on contemporary architecture and its relevance to modern sustainable practices.
  • Fallingwater has had a lasting impact on contemporary architecture by inspiring architects to incorporate natural elements and sustainable practices into their designs. Its emphasis on passive solar design elements, such as strategic placement of windows for natural light and ventilation, aligns with current trends in sustainable building. The house serves as a model for how architecture can respect and enhance its environment, promoting a deeper awareness of ecological balance that continues to influence modern architectural philosophy today.

Related terms

Organic Architecture: A design philosophy that promotes harmony between human habitation and the natural world, often using local materials and natural forms.

Cantilever: A projecting structure supported at only one end, which is a prominent feature in Fallingwater’s design, allowing it to extend over the waterfall.

Usonian: A term coined by Wright for his vision of affordable, efficient housing in America that was designed to fit seamlessly into the landscape.