Psaltery

Definition

The psaltery is a stringed musical instrument that has ancient origins, commonly used in medieval and Renaissance music. It typically consists of a flat wooden body with strings stretched across it, which are plucked to produce sound. This instrument played an important role in the development of early music, particularly in church settings and folk traditions, and laid the groundwork for later string instruments.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The psaltery is believed to date back to antiquity, with evidence of similar instruments found in various ancient cultures including Mesopotamia and Egypt.
2. The instrument was typically made from wood, and the number of strings could vary, often ranging from a few to several dozen.
3. Psalteries were played in various musical contexts, including religious ceremonies, courtly entertainment, and folk music traditions.
4. Unlike the harp, which is played by plucking with the fingers, the psaltery can be played with plectra or by fingerpicking, allowing for different tonal qualities.
5. In some regions, the psaltery evolved into more complex forms, influencing the development of other string instruments such as the dulcimer and the harpsichord.

Review Questions

• How did the psaltery contribute to the musical landscape of the medieval and Renaissance periods?
  • The psaltery played a significant role in shaping the musical landscape of both the medieval and Renaissance periods by providing a melodic foundation for both sacred and secular music. Its versatile nature allowed it to be used in various settings, from church services to folk gatherings. The instrument's unique sound enriched ensembles and helped to bridge traditional music practices with emerging styles of composition during these eras.
• Compare the psaltery with the harp in terms of construction and playing technique.
  • The psaltery and harp differ significantly in both construction and playing technique. The psaltery features a flat body with strings stretched across it, while the harp has a triangular frame with strings extending from its base to its neck. In terms of playing technique, the psaltery can be plucked with plectra or fingers, whereas the harp is primarily played by plucking the strings with the fingers. These differences highlight how each instrument contributes uniquely to musical expression.
• Evaluate the cultural significance of the psaltery during its peak usage in medieval Europe, considering its impact on music education and performance.
  • During its peak usage in medieval Europe, the psaltery held considerable cultural significance as it was not only a tool for entertainment but also an educational resource for aspiring musicians. It served as an accessible instrument for teaching basic music theory and performance skills. Its presence in religious settings facilitated the blending of sacred hymns with folk traditions, promoting musical literacy among communities. As such, the psaltery helped lay a foundation for future developments in Western music, influencing both composition and performance practices.

Related terms

Harp: A harp is a large stringed instrument with a triangular frame and strings that are plucked with the fingers, known for its beautiful, resonant sound.

Lute: The lute is a plucked string instrument with a rounded back and a fretted neck, popular during the Renaissance and often associated with both secular and sacred music.

Zither: A zither is a stringed instrument consisting of a flat wooden body with strings stretched across it, which can be played by plucking or strumming.